اثر تیمارهای آب شور و برخی کودهای آلی بر صفات فیزیولوژیکی و رشد گیاه لمون‌گراس (Cymbopogon citratus)

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه شهرکرد

2 جهاد کشاورزی هرمزگان

3 مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی هرمزگان

10.22052/deej.2021.10.33.21

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر شوری آب و برخی کودهای آلی شور بر شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی و رشد گیاه لمون‌گراس (Cymbopogon citratus)، آزمایش گلخانه‌ای با هفت سطح شوری شامل آب غیرشور به‌عنوان شاهد، آب شور در سه سطح 4، 10و 15 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر و کودهای آلی شور در سه سطح شامل کود پودر ماهی با شوری 2/5، کود مایع ماهی با شوری 9/4 و کود فرآوری کشتارگاه طیور با شوری 6/4 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر در 4 تکرار در گلخانۀ پژوهشی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی هرمزگان در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در 4 تکرار اجرا شد. در این پژوهش، صفات فیزیولوژیک رشد شامل سطح برگ، وزن تر و خشک برگ، وزن تر و خشک ریشه، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد پنجه و کلروفیل کل مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد شوری آب و کودهای آلی بر تمام صفات مورد بررسی اثر معنی‌دار داشت. بیشترین تأثیر منفی را تیمار آب آبیاری با شوری 15دسی‌زیمنس بر متر بر روی تمامی صفات مورد مطالعه داشت، و بیشترین تأثیر بر وزن خشک ریشه به میزان 37/0 گرم  مشاهده شد. از طرفی تیمار کود پودر کشتارگاه طیور با شوری 6/4 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر باعث بهبود تمام صفات فیزیولوژیک رشدی نسبت به شاهد به غیر از تعداد پنجه (با میانگین ۲/۴ عدد) در بوته شد. به‌طور کلی، نتایج نشان داد گیاه لمون‌گراس نسبت به شوری بالای 5 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر حساس است اما شوری کمتر از 5 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر را تحمل می‌کند و امکان استفاده از کودهای آلی نسبتاً شور مورد مطالعه به‌عنوان منبع غذایی در زراعت این گیاه وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Effect of Saline Water Treatments and Some Organic Fertilizers on lemongrass' (Cymbopogon citratus) Physiological Features and Growth

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahmoud Reza Tadayon 1
  • Gholam Reza Nazar Nezhad 2
  • Abdol Razagh Danesh Shahraki 1
  • Abdol Hamid Hajebi 3
1
2
3
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Salinity is a basic non-living environmental factor that reduces the yield worldwide. In arid and semi-arid regions, the salinity of water and soil limits crop production. Therefore, it is crucially important to assess the salinity tolerance of medicinal herbs if they are to be cultivated in saline areas.

Materials and Methods: To investigate the effect of water salinity and some saline organic fertilizers on the lemongrass' (Cymbopogon citratus) physiological features and growth, a greenhouse experiment was carried out in the research greenhouse of Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center through a completely randomized design with four replications at seven salinity levels including non-saline water as a controlling factor, saline water at 4, 10, and 15 ds/m levels, and saline organic fertilizers at three levels including fish meal fertilizer with salinity rate of 5/2, liquid fish manure with salinity rate of 4/9, and poultry slaughterhouse fertilizer with salinity rate of 4/6 ds /m. Moreover, the physiological growth features, including the leaf area, the leaf's fresh and dry weight, the root's fresh and dry weight, the plant's height, the number of tillers, and total chlorophyll were investigated.

Discussion and Conclusion: The study's results indicated that water salinity and organic fertilizers had a significant effect on all studied features. It was also found that treating Irrigation water with a salinity of 15 ds /m had the most negative effect on all studied features, with the root's dry weight affected the most. On the other hand, treating poultry slaughterhouse fertilizer with a salinity of 4/6 ds/m improved all physiological growth features compared to the control factor except the number of tillers per plant. The results also showed that lemongrass was sensitive to over 5 ds/m salinity but tolerated less than 5 ds/m salinity and that it was possible to use the relatively saline organic fertilizers studied as a food source in cultivating this plant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Salinity
  • Medicinal Herb
  • Poultry Slaughterhouse
  • Liquid Fertilizer
  • Fish Powder

مراجع

  1. Abd El-Wahab, M.A, 2006. The efficiency of using saline and fresh water irrigation as alternating methods of irrigation on the productivity of Foeniculum vulgare Mill subsp. vulgare var.vulgare under North Sinai conditions. Research Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 2(6): 571-577.
  2. Amoo Aghaei, R., Ghorbannejad, H. and Tenants, A, 2014. Investigation of the effect of salinity on seedling growth, chlorophyll content, relative water content and membrane stability in two rapeseed cultivars. Journal of Plant Research, Volume 27, Number 2, Pages 286-256.
  3. Baby, P. Skaria, P.P. Joy, Mathew, S. and Mathew, G, 2016. Lemongrass. Handbook of Spices.
  4. Banerjee, A., Roychoudhury, 2017. Abscisic-acid-dependentbasic leucinezipped (bZIP) transcription factors in plant abiotic stress. Protoplasma; 254:3–16.
  5. Bybordi, A, 2010. Study effect of salinity on some physiologic and morphologic properties of two grape cultivars.Life Science Journal, 9(4):1092-1101.
  6. Cheng, R., Zhu, H., Cheng, X., Shutes, B. and Yan, B., 2020. Saline and Alkaline tolerance of wetland plants—what are the most representative evaluation indicators. Sustainability 3, 12(5), p.1913.
  7. Dheeraj, K. and Nishant, Ch., 2017. Effect of Salinity Stress on Growth Performance of Lemongrass. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181.
  8. Farhangian Kashi, , 2009. Evaluation of the effects of salinity on chlorophyll content in sainfoin and alfalfa. Journal of Plant and Ecology, No. 18, pp. 89-77.
  9. Ganjewala, D. and Luthra, R., 2010. Essential Oil Biosynthesis and Regulation in the Genus Cymbopogon. Natural Product Communications, Vol5, No. 1, 163-172.
  10. Kaab Omeir, M., Jafari, A., Shirmardi, M. and Roosta, H., 2020. Effects of Irrigation with Fish Farm Effluent on Nutrient Content of Basil and Purslane. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences volume 90, pages825–831.
  11. Karkala, M. and Bhushan, B., 2014. Review on pharmacological activity of Cymbopogon citratus.International Journal of Herbal Medicine, 1 (6): 5-7.13.
  12. Khorasani Nejad, S., Sultanlu, H., Hadian, J. and Atashi, P., 2016. The effect of salinity stress on some physical, quantitative and qualitative properties of essential oil in lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Miller). Journal of Horticultural Sciences (Agricultural Sciences and Industries). Pp. 209-216, Summer 2016, No. 2, Volume 30.
  13. Khorsandi, A., Hassani, A., Sefidkan, F., Shirzad, H. and Khorsandi, A. R., 2010. The effect of salinity stress induced by sodium chloride on growth, yield, amount and composition of Agastache foeniculum Kuntz essential oil. Iranian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 26 (3): 438-451.
  14. Kumar, D. and Chauhan, N., 2017. Effect of Salinity Stress on Growth Performance of Lemongrass. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT). Volume, 5, Issue 12:1-4.
  15. Lotf Elahi, L., Torabi Gol Sefidi, H. and Omidi, H. 1394. Determination of quantitative, phytochemical and tolerance changes of Shirazi chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) under different salinity and pH. Medicinal Plants Quarterly, Fourteenth Year, Fourth Volume, Fifty-sixth Serial Issue, pp. 178-161.
  16. Madende, M. and Hayes, M., 2020. Fish By-Product Use as Biostimulants: An Overview of the Current State of the Art, Including Relevant Legislation and Regulations within the EU and USA. Molecules, 25, 1122.
  17. Manzoor, F., Naz, N., Malik, S.A., Arshad, S. and Siddiqui, B., 2013. Chemical Composition of Essential Oils Derived from Eucalyptus and Lemongrass and Their Antitermitic Activities Angainst Microtermes mycophagus (Desneux). Asian Journal of Chemistry, 25(5): 2405.
  18. Munns, R. and Tester, M., 2008. Mechanisms of Salinity Tolerance. Annual Review of Plant, Biology 59:651–81.
  19. Punam, P., Kumar, R., Sharma, S. & D. At, 2010. The Effect of Organic Management Treatment on the Productivity and Quality of Lemon Grass (Cymbopogon citratus). Journal of Organic Systems, 7(2).
  20. Rahimi, A. Effect of salinity stress on some growth indices in three species of Asparagus ova, Psyllium and plantain, Journal of Production and Processing of Crops and Horticultural Products, Second Year, Fourth Issue, pp. 27-39.
  21. Roychoudhury, A., Roy, C. and Sengupta, D. N, 2007. Transgenic tobacco plants overe xpressing the heterologous leagene Rab16A from rice during high salt and water deficit display enhanced tolerance to salinity stress. Plant Cell Reports, 26: 1839–1859.
  22. Saddiq MS, Iqbal S, Afzal I, Ibrahim AM, Bakhtavar MA, Hafeez MB, Jahanzaib, Maqbool MM.(2019). Mitigation of salinity stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum) seedlings through physiological seed enhancements. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 42(10): 1192-204.
  23. Sairam, R.K. and Tyagi, A, 2004. Physiology and molecular biology of salinity stress tolerance in plants. Current Science, 86: 407-421.
  24. Siddique Lashari, M., Yingxin, Ye., Haishi, Ji., Lianqing, Li., Grace Wanjiru, K., Haifei, Lu., Zhenga, J. and Genxing, P., 2014. Biochar manure compost in conjunction with pyroligneous solution alleviated salt stress and improved leaf bioactivity of maize in a saline soil from central China: 2-year field experiment. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 95: 1321–1327.
  25. Soltani, A., 2012. Design and analysis of agricultural experiments (along with SAS programs). Jihad University Press, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Pages 432.
  26. Tanou, G., Molassiotis, A. and Diamantidis, G., 2009. Induction of reactive oxygen species and necrotic death-like destruction in strawberry leaves by salinity. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 65(3): 270-281.
  27. Yarnia, M., 2007. Evaluation of some physiological indices of forage sorghum cultivars under salinity conditions, Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Islamic Azad University of Tabriz, No. 1.
  28. Zhu, J.K.. 2001. Plant salt tolerance. Trends in Plant Science 6: 66–71.
مهندسی اکوسیستم بیابان
دوره 10، شماره 33
بهمن 1400
صفحه 27-38

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار