بررسی اهمیت اقلیم در تعیین میزان اثرگذاری قرق بر خصوصیات مختلف خاک مراتع

نویسندگان

دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

این مطالعه به بررسی اثرگذاری قرق بر خصوصیات خاک مرتع، در دو اقلیم متفاوت شامل اقلیم‌ نیمه‌بیابانی (منطقۀ اینچه‌برون) و اقلیم سرد نیمه‌مرطوب (چهارباغ) در استان گلستان می‌پردازد. به‌منظور انجام نمونه‌برداری خاک در هر سایت، پنج نمونه از هر عمق برداشت و ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک اندازه‌گیری شدند. برای مقایسۀ ویژگی‌های خاکِ عمق‌های متناظر سایت قرق با سایت شاهد آن در هر منطقه، از آزمون تی مستقل استفاده شد. به‌منظور شناخت نقش اقلیم در تغییرات خصوصیات خاکی و تعیین مهم‌ترین خصوصیاتی که تحت تأثیر قرق و اقلیم قرار گرفته‌اند، از آزمون تجزیۀ مؤلفه‌های اصلی (PCA) و محاسبۀ درصد تغییرات نسبی شاخص‌ها استفاده شد. لذا نتایج روش تحلیل مؤلفه‌های اصلی نشان داد که مهم‌ترین خصوصیاتی که تحت تأثیر اقلیم و قرق قرار گرفته‌ و سبب تفکیک سایت‌ها‌ شده‌اند، کربن آلی، نیتروژن، هدایت الکتریکی، آهک و رس می‌باشند. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش دما سبب شده است تا قرق بیشترین تأثیر افزایشی را بر روی کربن آلی و نیتروژن به‌ترتیب با مقادیر بردار ویژۀ 0/994- و 0/910- در منطقۀ اینچه‌برون داشته باشد و اقلیم سرد سبب شده است تا قرق بیشترین تأثیر افزایشی را بر روی هدایت الکتریکی، آهک و رس با مقادیر ویژه، 0/898، 0/982 و 0/987 در منطقۀ چهارباغ داشته باشد. با توجه به نسبتاً یکسان ‌بودن طول دورۀ قرق به‌نظر می‌رسد کوهستانی ‌بودن منطقه، سرما و یخبندان نسبت به بارندگی تأثیر بیشتری بر روی تغییر خصوصیات خاک گذاشته و درنتیجه، سبب کاهش تغییرات خاکی در این منطقه شده است؛ بنابراین منطقۀ چهارباغ به مدت زمان قرق بیشتری نیاز دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The importance of climate in determining the effect of rangeland enclosure on change some soil characteristics of rangelands

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmaeil Sheidai Karkaj
  • Isa Jafari Footami
  • Hamid Niknahad Gharmakher
چکیده [English]

This study investigates the effect enclosure on some soil characteristics in two different climates; include semi-arid climate (Incheh boron region) and Cold climate of semi-humid (Chahar bagh) in Golestan province. In order to do soil sampling by the systematic-random methods, 5 transect were used in each areas and Physical and chemical properties were measure. T-test method was used in order to compare the soil parameters of same depths. Principle component analysis (PCA) and the data ratio percentage changes were used to understand the role of climate and determine the most important factors that are affected by enclosure and climate. The result of PCA showed that the most important factors that affected by enclosure and climate and cause to separate sites are Organic carbon, Nitrogen, EC, Caco3 and clay. Results showed that temperature cause to enclosure have the maximum effect in Incheh boron on Organic carbon and Nitrogen with aigen value (-0.994) and (-0.910), respectively, and cold climate cause to enclosure have maximum effect in Chahar bagh on EC, caco3 and clay with aigen value of (0.989), (0.982) and (0.987), correspondingly. According to same enclosure duration, it seems Mountainous area and cold and freezing have a greater impact on soil properties rather than Rainfall, and subsequently cause to reduce soil changes in this region, so Chahar bagh region needs more time for enclosure.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • climate
  • Enclosure
  • Soil Characteristics
  • Golestan rangelands

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مهندسی اکوسیستم بیابان
دوره 5، شماره 13
اسفند 1395
صفحه 39-56

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