بررسی اثر ‌خصوصیات ‌فیزیکی و شیمیایی ‌خاک بر پوشش گیاهی ‌گونه زرد تاغ (Haloxylon persicum) (مطالعه موردی: منطقه یانسی گناباد)

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تربت حیدریه

2 دانشگاه جیرفت

چکیده

با توجه به وضعیت محیطی سخت در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک کشور، بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر پوشش گیاهی این مناطق ضروری است. این مطالعه به بررسی اثر ‌برخی خصوصیات ‌‌خاک (شامل بافت، وزن مخصوص ‌ظاهری، رطوبت، مادۀ ‌آلی، کربن، ازت، پتاسیم، آهک، سدیم، هدایت الکتریکی و اسیدیته) بر درصد تاج‌پوشش ‌گونۀ زرد تاغ (Haloxylon persicum) در منطقۀ یانسی در شمال گناباد می‌پردازد. پس از بازدید صحرایی، دو منطقه شامل توده‌های تاغ طبیعی و تاغ دست‌کاشت در مجاورت یکدیگر انتخاب شد. در هر منطقه، نمونه‌برداری به روش تلفیقی ترانسکت و دایره‌ای انجام شد. ابتدا روی هر ترانسکت به فاصلۀ هر 10 متر پلات‌گذاری انجام شد و در هر پلات، درصد تاج‌پوشش در هر پلات اندازه‌گیری گردید. همچنین در هر پلات، یک پروفیل خاک به عمق 50 سانتی‌متر حفر و از دو عمق 10-0 سانتی‌متر و 50-10 سانتی‌متر نمونه‌برداری انجام گرفت. پس از انتقال ‌نمونه‌ها به ‌آزمایشگاه بافت، وزن خصوص ‌ظاهری، رطوبت، مادۀ ‌آلی، کربن، ازت، پتاسیم، آهک، سدیم، هدایت الکتریکی و اسیدیته اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان داد که بین درصد تاج‌پوشش ‌گونۀ تاغ و برخی خصوصیات خاک ارتباط ویژه‌ای وجود دارد، به‌طوری‌که که در تاغزارهای دست‌کاشت افزایش درصد تاج‌پوشش همبستگی مثبت با افزایش سدیم، شوری، پتاسیم، نیتروژن، مادۀ آلی (در سطح خاک) و کاهش رطوبت دارد. در تاغزارهای طبیعی با افزایش درصد تاج‌پوشش متغیرهای رطوبت، سیلت، نیتروژن، رس، کربن و مادۀ آلی افزایش و متغیرهای سدیم، پتاسیم، شوری و شن کاهش می‌یابد. همچنین بین افزایش مقدار آهک، اسیدیته و وزن مخصوص با درصد تاج‌پوشش‌ گونۀ تاغ ارتباط معنی‌داری یافت نشد. بنابراین می‌توان بیان کرد که افزایش تاج‌پوشش زرد تاغ اثرات متفاوتی بر خاک دو منطقۀ دست‌کاشت و طبیعی دارد که اثرات منفی تاغزارهای دست‌کاشت را می‌توان به تراکم بالای کاشت نسبت داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing the Effect of Soil Physicochemical Properties on Haloxylon persicum (Case Study: Yanesy Region, Gonabad)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Iman Haghian 1
  • Mohsen Sharafatmandrad 2
1
2
چکیده [English]

Due to the harsh environmental conditions in arid and semi-arid area of country, it is essential to assess the factors affecting the vegetation in such areas. This study aimed to investigate the effect of some soil physicochemical properties (including texture, bulk density, moisture, organic matter, carbon, nitrogen, potassium, lime, sodium, electrical conductivity and pH) on Haloxylon persicum canopy cover in Yanesy region, north Gonabad. After field assessments, two adjacent areas including natural and planted stands of Haloxylon persicum were selected for sampling. Randomly located quadrats along transects were used for vegetation sampling. Soil samples were taken from each quadrats at 0-10 and 10-50 cm depths. After transferring the samples to the laboratory, soil texture, bulk density, humidity, organic matter, carbon, nitrogen, potassium, lime, sodium, EC and pH were determined. The results showed that there is significant relationships between Haloxylon persicum canopy cover and some soil properties, so that in planted stand, canopy increase was positively correlated with increasing in sodium, electrical conductivity, potassium, nitrogen, organic matter (at superficial soil) and decreasing in humidity. In natural stand, canopy cover was increased with increase in soil moisture, silt, nitrogen, clay, carbon and organic matter and was decreased with increased sodium, potassium, salt and sand. There were no significant relationships between the amount of lime, pH and bulk density with canopy cover of Haloxylon persicum. Therefore it could be stated that increase of Haloxylon persicum cover has different effects on the soil properties of two sites, so that the negative effects of planted site can be related to high plantation density.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Haloxylon persicum
  • Canopy cover
  • Soil
  • physiochemical properties
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