بررسی اثرات خشکسالی بر منابع آب زیرزمینی با استفاده از شاخص SPI (مطالعۀ موردی: دشت کاشان)

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه کاشان

2 دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

آب‌های زیرزمینی منابع با ارزش تأمین آب در ایران و جهان است. خشکسالی به‌عنوان یک بلای طبیعی و پدیده‌ای اجتناب‌ناپذیر از دیرباز در مناطق واقع در اقلیم‌های گرم و خشک به‌طور متناوب به‌وقوع پیوسته و خسارات زیادی در زمینه‌های اقتصادی، اجتماعی و زیست‌محیطی به همراه داشته است. ازجمله خسارات خشکسالی، افت سطح آب زیرزمینی می‌باشد. در این تحقیق، روند تغییرات خشکسالی که خود نیز رابطۀ تنگاتنگی با میزان بارش منطقه دارد، با استفاده از شاخص بارش استانداردشده (SPI) و معیارهای مشتق‌شده از آن مانند طولانی‌ترین دورۀ خشکسالی، تعداد ماه‌های مواجه با خشکسالی و بزرگی خشکسالی (DM) در دشت فوق بحرانی کاشان مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. سپس براساس شاخص SPI تأثیر خشکسالی بر افت آب زیرزمینی بررسی شد. برای بررسی ارتباط بین خشکسالی و افت آب زیرزمینی، بازه زمانی 13۷۰-13۸۹ براساس آمار موجود و سال‌های مشترک انتخاب شد. نتایج بررسی نشان داد که علاوه بر خشکسالی، بهره‌برداری بی‌رویه از منابع آب زیرزمینی در دشت مذکور عامل افت سطح آب زیرزمینی است و سهم برداشت بی‌رویه در افت سطح آبخوان به مراتب بیش از خشکسالی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Study the effects Of Drought on Groundwater Resources using SPI Index (A Case Study: Kashan Plain)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Aleboali 1
  • Reza Ghazavi 1
  • seyd javad satatinejad 2
1
2
چکیده [English]

Groundwater is a valuable resource both in the Iran and throughout the world. Drought as a natural and inevitable phenomenon, frequently occur in the different regions of the world, especially in the hot and dry area. It lead to economical, social, and environmental damages. Drought should decrease groundwater recharge. In main aim of this study was to investigate the effects of drought on groundwater resources using Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The longest period of drought, the number of drought months and large drought period (DM) in supercritical Kashan plain were studied. To investigate the relationship between drought and groundwater level, period 1991 to 2010 was selected based on the available data. Also a significant relationship was observed between groundwater level decreasing and drought index, but in the groundwater depletion, the role of the over exploitation is more important than drought effects. We can conclude that the only basic principal method of preventing dangerous consequences of groundwater depletion is proper and lawful consumption of water to avoid uncontrolled withdrawal of groundwater.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drought
  • Groundwater
  • Kashan aquifer
  • SPI
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