مقایسۀ نبکاهای گونه‌های گیاهی خارشتر، اسپند و سبد پاکوتاه برای تثبیت ماسه‌های روان با استفاده از الگوریتم TOPSIS (مطالعۀ موردی: منطقۀ صمدآباد شهرستان سرخس)

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 مرکز تحقیقات منابع طبیعی و کشاورزی خراسان رضوی

10.22052/6.15.35

چکیده

نبکا‌ها گروهی از اشکال ناهمواری ترسیبی هستند که بر اثر تجمع رسوبات بادی در اطراف گیاهان شکل می‌گیرند و ایجاد و توسعۀ آن‌ها متأثر از عوامل گوناگونی است. توسعۀ چشم‌انداز نبکا می‌تواند به‌عنوان عاملی به‌منظور حفظ هماهنگی بین نیروهای عمل‌کنندۀ زیست‌محیطی و کاهش آثار تخریبی ماسه‌های روان بر سیستم‌های انسانی عمل کند. در این راستا شناسایی سازگارترین گونۀ گیاهی نبکا از اهمیت بسیاری برخوردار است. هدف از این پژوهش، ارزیابی مقایسه‌ای نبکاهای منطقۀ صمدآباد شهرستان سرخس با استفاده از الگوریتم TOPSIS و معرفی مناسب‌ترین گونۀ گیاهی نبکا برای تثبیت ماسه‌های روان از طریق تحلیل مؤلفه‌های مورفومتری آن است. به این منظور، ابتدا مهم‌ترین مشخصه‌های مورفومتری 120 نبکا نظیر ارتفاع نبکا، طول نبکا، حجم نبکا، ارتفاع گیاه، محیط گیاه، طول گیاه و حجم گیاه، از گونه‌های سبد پاکوتاه، اسپند و خارشتر با روش استفاده از ترانسکت اندازه‌گیری شد. سپس با ارزیابی مقایسه‌ای آن‌ها ا TOPSISز طریق الگوریتم، مبادرت به اولویت‌بندی نبکاهای مطالعاتی شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که نبکای گونۀ اسپند با وزن 0 بیشترین ارجحیت و بهره‌وری را برای تثبیت ماسه‌های روان دارد. نبکای گونۀ خارشتر نیز با وزن 0/566 نسبت‌به نبکای گونۀ سبد پاکوتاه از ارجحیت بیشتری برخوردار است. در مقابل نبکای سبد پاکوتاه با وزن 0/073 کمترین ارجحیت و بهره‌وری را داشت که نتیجۀ حاصل‌شده به‌دلیل ویژگی‌های نامطلوب ریخت‌شناسی این گونه در مقایسه با دو گونۀ موردبررسی دیگر است و توسعۀ چشم‌انداز آن‌ها در منطقۀ موردمطالعه به هیچ عنوان پیشنهاد نمی‌شود. نتایج این پژوهش در مدیریت سیستمی مناطق بیابانی و طرح های تثبیت ماسه های متحرک شهرستان سرخس ارزنده خواهد بود.

 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of TOPSIS algorithm in order to identify the most suitable plant species to form Nebkhas for stabilizing sand particles (Case study: Samad-Abad, Sarakhs, Iran)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammadjavad Yoosefi 1
  • Alireza Rashki 1
  • Mohammad Farzam 1
  • Mohammadtaghi Kashki 2
1
2
چکیده [English]

Environmental crisis and the consequent loss of natural resources are the main reasons which force managers to pursue methods to manage risks and solve environmental tensions. This study was conducted in Samad-Abad as a center of wind erosion located in the southern part of Sarakhs region, Islamic Republic of Iran, near the Turkmenistan border and the Tajan River. Following field investigations and satellite imagery analysis, the study area was determined. Using 6 transects (3 upwind and 3 leeward), each 100 m long, we measured nebkhas’ morphometric characteristics (including height, length & volume) and plant characteristics (including height, perimeter & volume). Fourteen nebkhas were analyzed for each species (Stipagrostis, Alhagi and Peganum). In a comparative analysis of nebkhas associated with Stipagrostis, Peganum and Alhagi using TOPSIS model, the final weight was calculated as 0.434, 0.521 and 0.055 for Alhagi, Peganum and Stipagrostis, respectively. Therefore, as clearly explained by the TOPSIS model, Peganum is revealed to be the most suitable plant species for stabilizing moving particles in the region followed by Alhagi and Stipagrostis. Regarding nebkhas’ morphometric characteristics and plant morphological features as the input criteria for AHP model, the results showed Peganum to be the most suitable species for stabilizing moving sands followed by Alhagi and Stipagrostis. Stipagrostis nebkhas, with an average weight of 0.073, showed the least efficiency and desirability. Therefore, it was concluded that the observed result was due to this species’ undesirable morphological traits compared with the two others species in the study. Consequently, developing the landscape cover by this species is not advised.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sarakhs- Nebkhas
  • TOPSIS algorithm- stabilizing sand- Samad-Abad
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