ارزیابی وضعیت فعلی بیابان‌زایی با استفاده از مدل ICD (مطالعۀ موردی: منطق حفاظت‌شدۀ کالمند یزد)

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات بیابان

2 دانشگاه یزد

3 دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

یکی از بحران‌های اکولوژیکی که جهان امروزه با آن درگیر شده، پدیدۀ بیابان‌زایی است. اما برای مهار این بحران، نیاز به شناخت و درک صحیح از عوامل و فرایندهای آن است .به‌منظور ارزیابی وضعیت فعلی بیابان‌زایی با استفاده از مدل، محدوده‌ای به وسعت حدود 37/71269 هکتار در منطقۀ حفاظت‌شده کالمند مهریز واقع در استان یزد در نظر گرفته شد. در این تحقیق، ابتدا اقدام به جمع‌آوری داده‌های موجود و انجام مطالعات پایه شد. در این تحقیق شدت بیابان‌زایی منطقۀ حفاظت‌شدۀ کالمند مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای دسترسی به این هدف از نقشۀ واحد کاری به‌عنوان نقشۀ پایه استفاده شد. نقشۀ واحد کاری از تلفیق نقشه‌های زمین‌شناسی و نقشۀ رخساره‌های ژئومورفولوژی حاصل می‌شود. وضعیت فعلی بیابان‌زایی منطقۀ مورد مطالعه براساس روش (ICD) ارزیابی و نقشۀ آن نیز تهیه شد. در روش ICD پس از ارزش‌دهی به هریک از عوامل فرعی و جمع امتیازات مربوط به آن‌ها در هر رخساره، امتیاز عوامل طبیعی و انسانی باهم مقایسه شد. همچنین عوامل اصلی و فرعی غالب مؤثر در بیابان‌زایی هر رخساره تعیین شد. با توجه به مطالعات انجام‌شده، منطقۀ حفاظت‌شدۀ کالمند جزء بیابان‌های طبیعی محسوب شده و عوامل انسانی نقش کمتری در بیابان‌زایی دارند. براساس روش ICD منطقۀ مورد مطالعه به دو کلاس شدت بیابان‌زایی کم (II) و متوسط (III) تقسیم می‌شود. اصلی‌ترین معیار موجود در این منطقه که در روند بیابان‌زایی مؤثر است، فرایند فرسایش و تخریب خاک می‌باشد

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Current Condition of Desertification using ICD Model (Case Study: Kalmand Protected Area, Yazd)

نویسندگان [English]

  • neda ardakani 1
  • naser mashhadi 1
  • hamid rez azimzadeh 2
  • ali akbar nazari samani 3
  • majid karim porrihan 1
1
2
3
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, desertification is one of the ecological crises of the world. To control Desertification, having a clear understanding of its factors and processes is necessary. KALMAND Protected Area region of Yazd with area of 71269.37 Hectares’ was considered to evaluate current Condition of desertification using ICD. Iranian Classification of Desertification (ICD) was presented by M. Ekhtesasi and S. Mohajeri in 1995. First of all, available data were collected and basic studies were done. The data were entered in GIS and basic maps were produced through interpretation of aerial photos and satellite images using Arc view software. Ten desert homogenous units were separated according to the studies and by overlaying Geomorphology, land use and vegetation cover maps. In next stage, effective factors in Desertification including three environmental factors, three anthropogenic factors, soil erosion Index, resilience potential and reconstruction of ecosystem were scored in a range of 0-10. Afterward, according to the sum of scores and comparing with table of desertification severity Index, final desertification map was produced. The result showed that based on ICD models, the areas is classified into low and moderated desertification. The environmental factors were determined as the main factor in desertification. Most main criterion in desertification of this region was Soil Degradation

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Desert
  • Desertification
  • Current condition
  • ICD model
  • Environmental factor
  • anthropogenic factor
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